St. Martin Church was built in 1178 - 1187 in the settlement Újezd, which extended then in this area.

After the church had been dedicated to St. Martin, the settlement was called Újezd of St. Martin. When the Old Town walls were built in the first half of the 13th century, Újezd was divided by it into two parts. The larger part was left outside the walls on the grounds of the later New Town; the smaller part together with the church became a part of the Old Town. The south wall of the church fit tightly to the town walls (therefore the name); in its neighbourhood there was a town gate, which was called St. Martin Gate. The original Romanesque church had one nave, which has been preserved in the present nave with many architectonic Romanesque elements. Interior of the church was probably decorated with Romanesque wall paintings.
After the First World War, the Evangelical Church of Czech Brethren obtained a long time rent of the church. Through the care of ECCB the church went through a general reconstruction and an archaeological investigation took place there.

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